Motherboard Electronic Components And Their Functions – The system unit is one of the four most important hardware components of a computer. It is usually a rectangular container where other important internal hardware components can be found. Some of the components of the system unit are; Random access memory (RAM), compact read-only memory (CD-ROM), hard disk, main board, fan, processor or central processing unit (CPU), power supply, and disk drive.
The system unit also has other components such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports, power button, cables, video and sound cards.
Motherboard Electronic Components And Their Functions
The motherboard is the most important component of the internal hardware of the system unit. The board is called a “motherboard” because it has all the connectors for the other hardware components of the computer system. This means that all input and output (I/O) devices have their own pins on the motherboard. It has a connector to hold the central processing unit (CPU) or heated processor and the fan mounting locations very close to the connector due to the large amount of heat that is generated by the CPU (especially high speed CPU) during operation. . It also has a slot for main memory, a slot for a video or graphics card, and a backup battery.
Features Of A Motherboard That Makes It Best In The Market
CPU is a hardware component that is responsible for all the operations performed in the computer system, that is why most computer users call it as the brain of the computer and it is held on the motherboard by a slot. The CPU or processor has two main components which are the control unit (CU) and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The CU retrieves instructions from memory and executes them to control input and output devices while the ALU performs arithmetic and logic processes. The speed of a processor is measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).
RAM is the main memory of the computer system whose main function is the temporary storage of data. It makes it easy to access data from the CPU based on the fact that the data is random (no specific order). It also speeds up computer performance due to its ability to allow random access to data. The larger (not in physical form, but in capacity) RAM, the faster the processor accesses data. RAM is non-volatile, which means it works on or stores data while the computer is still running and loses all data when the computer is turned off. RAM in combination with the CPU and hard disk is the most important source of computer speed. A computer can use more than one RAM depending on user preference, but limited to the number of memory slots on the motherboard.
The most important storage device in the computer system is the hard drive or hard drive. Unlike RAM which stores data temporarily, the hard drive stores information, files and other documents permanently as its main function and also allows data retrieval, but is non-volatile (data is not lost when the computer is turned off). The operating system and application software (applications) are installed on the hard drive. The amount of data a hard drive can hold depends on its capacity. The hard drives I’ve seen so far range in capacity from 20 gigabytes (20 GB) to 2 terabytes (2 TB). Most modern system units or chassis can contain two hard drives where one can be used as the ‘master’ (primary) hard drive; one on which the operating system is installed and the other as a ‘slave’ (secondary) hard drive; in which documents and other files can be stored or so as not to overload the primary hard drive to avoid slowing down the system. The secondary hard drive also acts as a backup in case the primary hard drive crashes.
Basically, computers come with two fans in the system unit or chassis, sometimes three. A CPU fan, a case fan and sometimes a hard drive fan. A manufacturer may also decide to insert more than one CPU fan or case fan. During the operation of the computer, the CPU produces a lot of heat and heat can always cause damage to your computer, so the CPU fan is placed to keep the CPU below the required temperature. The case fan should keep the system unit cool. The CPU is not the only source of heat, but the environment around the system unit, especially when the temperature rises too high from sunlight. The hard drive does not produce as much heat as the CPU, so on some system units you may not even see the drive fan, but some do. Therefore, the main function of all computer fans is to cool and maintain a favorable temperature in the system unit for smooth operation.
What Is A Motherboard And What Does It Do?
Compact disc (CD) and digital versatile disc (DVD) are storage devices that can store a certain amount of audio, data, and other data files. Videos can also be saved in them. CD-ROM can hold approximately 700 MB of data while DVD-ROM can hold approximately 4.7 GB of data. The functions of CD and DVD discs are to read all data stored on CD and DVD respectively. A DVD drive can read a CD, but a CD drive cannot read DVDs. There are other drives such as CD-R drive; can read and write a CD-R, DVD-R disc; can read and write a CD-R and DVD-R, CD-RW disc; can read, write, erase and rewrite a CD-RW. There is also a DVD-RW drive that can also read, write, erase and rewrite a DVD-RW and a CD-RW.
Like any electronic device, it needs electricity to function, as do the system unit components. But the components don’t run on power from a wall outlet, so the computer’s power supply unit takes alternating current (AC) and converts it to a controlled direct current (DC) for the components to work. (Some good life scenarios; a newborn baby cannot eat heavy food, so the mother must eat all the heavy food in order for the nutrients to be converted into breast milk for her baby.)
This is an internal hardware component of the system unit that is located closest to the CD-ROM drive, and its main function is to read and write from or to a diskette or diskette. Although many modern computers are manufactured without a floppy disk, older computers still have one and can be used.
USB ports allow the computer user to connect USB items to the system device to be explored, the power button is used to turn on the system device, cables are used to connect components to each other, activate video or graphics cards, and sound cards computer to play video and sound respectively.SMD -components or surface mount devices are electronic components for SMT. SMD to SMT components do not have wires like through-hole components.
Motherboard Ports: What They Are And How They Work
SMD components or surface mount electronic components for SMT do not differ from through-hole components in terms of electrical function.
Not all components are available in surface mount for electronic PCB assembly at this time; therefore, the full advantages of surface mount on PCB are not available and we are essentially limited to mix and match surface mount. Using through-hole components such as BGA and pingrid array (
) for advanced processors and large connectors will keep the industry in mixed assembly mode for the foreseeable future.
The types of packs and configurations of packs and bullets available are numerous. In addition, the requirements for surface-mounted components are much more demanding. SMD or SMC must withstand higher soldering temperatures and must be selected, positioned and soldered more carefully to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields.
Active And Passive Electronic Components
There are too many components available for some electrical requirements, which causes a serious problem of component proliferation. Good standards exist for some components, while standards for others are inadequate or non-existent.
Some electronic components are offered at a discount and others command a premium price. Although surface mount technology is mature, it is also constantly evolving with the introduction of new packages. The electronics industry is making progress every day in solving economic, technical and standardization problems
. The shapes are generally rectangular and cylindrical. The mass of the components is about 10 times lower than their through-hole counterparts.
Comes in different box sizes to meet the needs of different applications in the electronics industry. Although there is a trend towards smaller case sizes, larger case sizes are also available if capacity requirements are large. These units/components come in rectangular and tubular shapes (
Top Standard Computer Devices/ Components
) on a flat surface of high-purity aluminum substrate compared to depositing the resistive film on a round core as in axial resistors. The resist value is obtained by changing the composition of the resist paste before exposure and cutting the film with a laser after exposure.
) on the ceramic substrate, and nickel barrier substrate followed by dip or chrome solder coating. The nickel barrier is very important in maintaining the adhesion of the ends because it prevents leaching (
Resistors come in 1/16, 1/10, 1/8 and ΒΌ watt ratings
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